Advisor vs. Adviser, Advice vs. Advise

Advisor vs. Adviser, Advice vs. Advise Advisor vs. Adviser, Advice vs. Advise Advisor vs. Adviser, Advice vs. Advise By Michael When you advise someone, you give advice. One is a verb, the other is a noun. And where does advice come from? Good advice is offered by advisers/advisors. The spelling is the only difference between those two words, and usually adviser and advisor mean the same thing. Spelling it with an e is more common, but either spelling is correct. The spellchecker in my computer marks advisor as incorrect. The words advice and advise can be confused. As I just said, one is a verb, the other is a noun. Fortunately, theyre spelled slightly differently and pronounced slightly differently. Advice, spelled with a c, has an s sound. Advise, spelled with an s, has a z sound. When the word is spelled with a c, its advice, a noun a recommendation of what to do. When the word is spelled with an s, its advise, a verb to give a recommendation of what to do. Too bad theyre not both spelled phonetically. It would be nice if we could be talking about advise vs advize. But we cant. There is no such word as advize. Or advicer. These words can be somewhat formal: How would you advise me? is less casual than What do you think I should do? And the word adviser is even more formal, especially with the less common spelling of advisor. Heads of state have advisers to help them make decisions. In the medieval Islamic world, they were called viziers, and theoretically the Ottoman sultan governed only through the Grand Vizier. Of course, heads of state are not the only ones who need advice. Advice can be minor, as in If you want my advice, pick up a crab behind the head, and not always major, as in My advice is to never fight a land war in Asia. But if someone advises you that your shoelace is untied, you wouldnt call them your adviser. Definitions of Advise, Advice and Adviser advice a recommendation, a wise suggestion of what to do. Good advice will help you as long as you listen to it and follow it. advise to give advice, to counsel, to suggest or recommend a proper course of action. adviser/advisor someone who gives advice, counsel, or guidance, often in an official capacity. Right/Wrong Examples of the Use of Advise and Advice Right: I would advise people not to step on bees with their bare feet. (Advise is a verb. Saying I would advise is more deferential than I advise because it does not directly tell someone what they should do.) Wrong: I adviced him to bet on the old gray nag in the second race. (There is no such verb as adviced, and old horses usually dont win races.) Right: My advice is not to step on a bee with your bare feet. (Correct, advice is a noun and can be given away.) Wrong: If you want my advise, dont you step on bees at all. (Advise is not a noun, so you cant give it to someone. Otherwise, good advice.) Right: His advisers cautioned him to wear shoes. (An adviser tries to give helpful recommendations.) Wrong: I hired one of those so-called fashion advicers but they were too fancy for me. (Its adviser not advicer.) Where Did These Words Come From? When I started writing this article, I was sure I knew the origins of these words. I was sure there was an ancient Latin word advisere, from the Latin roots ad to, toward and visere to see. The prefix ad appears in adhere stick to and admire gaze, look at. But maybe I was wrong. First of all, the Latin word for to see is videre, not visere. But I was ready to explain that an adviser helps you see more clearly, and so on. More likely, these words come from the French. The word vis usually meant face, but it also meant opinion. Phrases such as à §o mest vis or il m’est avis que mean In my view or It seems to me that By the late 14th century in England, avis gained the meaning of opinion worth listening to, counsel worth following. But around the 16th century, English scholars must have said, Those French people are spelling it wrong. It must have come from the Latin word advisere and needs a d. Norwegians must have made the same assumption, or else borrowed the English assumption, because the Norwegian word for to advise is advisere. By the way, though an vizier was an adviser, that word has a different origin: the Arabic wazir one who carries [the burdens of government]. We can thank the editors and printers of early modern England for giving different spellings to advise and advice and to other easily-confused noun/verb pairs, using s for verbs and c for nouns. Some of these distinctions have been lost in American English: in practice/practise and license/licence, we use the first spelling for both verbs and nouns. Is There a Difference between Adviser and Advisor? Both spellings mean the same thing, though adviser is more common. But there is a technical difference when talking about financial advisors. First, let me point out that trademark laws inspire new spellings and phrases. You cant trademark a common word. If you mix alcoholic drinks behind a bar, I guess that makes you a bartender, and if youre doing the work of a bartender, the International Bartenders Association wont keep you from calling yourself one, even if youre not a member of their association. But if they invented an uncommon term, such Certified Liquor Technician, they could trademark that title, and allow only their members to use it. For example, in America, the National Association of REALTORS ® has trademarked the word Realtor. Usually such a word would end with er not or, though this spelling was used in Congress as early as 1919, and mocked in Sinclair Lewiss novel Babbit in 1922. But using the less-common spelling, and especially capitalizing it, makes it more proprietary. After all, any licensed people who sell buildings or land, or who help people buy buildings or land, can call themselves real estate agents. In Britain, they are called estate agents. But only members of the National Association of REALTORS ® can call themselves realtors. By all means, dont call yourself a realter that word means to alter again. Wait, that might work in the home remodeling industry. In fact, an expert at home remodeling can become a Certified Graduate Remodelor (CGR) but only after meeting the requirements set by the Remodelors Council. Note the o again. In the United States, the â€Å"Investment Advisers Act of 1940† regulates investment advisers. Note the spelling. So if you advise people about how to keep a budget or to get out of debt, you might want to call yourself an advisor to make it clearer that youre not selling advice about stocks and bonds. If you’re a stock broker youre helping people to buy stocks but not telling them what to buy you might call yourself an â€Å"advisor.† But if youre a Registered Investment Adviser and really do provide investment advice, it doesnt matter how you spell it or what you call it: you would be subject to that 1940 law (if youre working in the United States I havent actually read the law). The Relationship of Advise, Advice, and Adviser You can often turn a verb about doing something into a noun about a person who does it, by adding -er to the end of the verb. For example, the verb to farm is an activity done by a farmer. A farmer farms. He or she practices farming. We can do that with the verb advise by adding er or or, Advising is done by an adviser. Advisers advise. Advisers give advice. It may seem like advice is a noun that has a verb form, but its really the other way around. The verb advise came first, Advice is the result of advising. Thats why there are advisers but not advicers. Like -er, the word endings -or or even -ar can also be used to make a noun that means someone who does something, who practices a verb. A director directs, an editor edits, and an educator educates. A beggar begs, a liar lies, and a burglar burgles (well, he does). Sometimes the original verb has become obscured by time. In classical Latin, a doctor was a teacher, someone who practiced the verb docere, to teach. But these three endings are not always related to verbs. They can also be used for someone associated with something a prisoner lives in a prison, a jeweler works with jewelry, a registrar keeps a registry. Advice vs Advise Quiz For each sentence, select which word should be used: 1. The Secretary of War gave his [advice/advise]: it would not be smart to deploy their full army to one area. advise advice 2. Teachers will [advice/advise] you that doing your homework will improve your grades. advise advice 3. I do not [advice/advise] letting children play in the woods without taking a bath afterwards. advise advice 4. When his [advice/advise] caused his client to lose half his savings, the investment adviser lost his client. advise advice Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should Avoid50 Synonyms for "Assistant"The Difference Between "Un-" and "Dis-"

See instruction below Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

See instruction below - Essay Example With that, maybe the question should be, â€Å"As a president, has Bush fulfilled anything for his country’s sake?† In an idealistic view, it’s a huge â€Å"No†, rather it’s reflection of few people’s greed. A sane mind would never wish to use violence against violence, only despair would lead one to do that. In the first place, â€Å"war on terrorism† is necessary only if such threat actually exist. If the assailant has the ability to induce such extensive damage that then the target should be prepared for future counter attack, exerting tremendous effort on strengthening its military force as it take its economy and existing policies into consideration. With such threat, there would really be a need for â€Å"war on terrorism†. However this case, with such amount spend merely on defense, in neglect of the country and its people’s welfare, only prove the claim that it distorts defense policy and weakens the

Case summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Case summary - Essay Example For instance, Paula can be unfamiliar with new bedding standard of the hotel. One more possible reason is that Paula finds it difficult to fit to this standard because it challenges her usual pace of work. Lisa does not consider these options at all; her evaluation of Paulas work seems to be too subjective. I believe that Lisa treats Paula differently from other housekeepers. According to her opinion, cleaning is physically hard and even younger employees â€Å"are challenged†. Despite Paulas high quality of work, Lisa speaks about Paulas age negatively. If I were a manager, I would not believe Lisa because her evaluation is discriminatory. All people have to be treated equally at work despite their age, sex, gender, religion etc. In order to make the right decision, I will check whether Paula really cannot meet the standard of the hotel. To resolve the issue, I would advise Lisa to talk with Paula about new bedding standards and her performance. As Paulas line manager, Lisa has to give her a constructive feedback about her performance. She has to mention both good and bad aspects of Paulas work to show that her contribution to the team is appreciated. Moreover, Lisa has to make sure that Paula is familiar with new bedding standard. If she finds it difficult to fit it, Lisa can offer her a training program. There are younger housekeepers who are also challenged by new bedding standard. They can join Paula and learn from her how to boost their quality of work. Younger employees can benefit from cooperation with Paula because she has a profound work experience and well-developed skills. At the same time, Paula can adapt to new norms quicker if she is assisted by someone from her team. It is obvious that there are some serious issue with team work between housekeepers. Paulas performance can get worse because she is treated as an outsider by her team. As the

Efficiency of photovoltaic cells

Efficiency of photovoltaic cells This years Nobel Prize has been awarded to an American physicist and chemist whose work paved the way to built efficient and low-cost polymer photovoltaic cells. Professor A. J. Heeger of University of California at Santa Barbara, US received the prestigious Nobel Prize for his research on polymer photovoltaic solar cells over the past two decades. In 1995 Heeger published a paper (science 270 1789), in which he proposed a new approach to fabricate photovoltaic devices, which led to the development of efficient solar cells. This enabled to fabricate renewable, sustainable, and recyclable, low cost photovoltaic devices which are used to convert light energy into electric current. This approach is enhanced and widely used in commercial applications to produce flexible organic solar cells. The increasing demand for energy has created a need for low cost and eco-friendly energy source. Solar power, which is a renewable energy source holds good for producing energy at low cost. Breakthrough Efficiency of Photovoltaic cells depends on the energy conversion and charge collection of the device, which are high in inorganic based photovoltaic device, however organic photovoltaic devices have major advantages over inorganic photovoltaic devices i.e., low-cost fabrication, mechanical flexibility and disposability. This led many researches to focus on polymer photovoltaic cells, hence several approaches have been proposed for fabricating photovoltaic cells like mono and bilayered organic solar cells by using photo induced electron transfer in composites of conducting polymers as donors(D) and Buckminsterfullerene and its derivatives as acceptors(A). However the conversion efficiency is limited by the carrier collection efficiency at the D-A interface. A major breakthrough in the field of organic photovoltaic cells is achieved by overcoming the limitation of the efficiency in the bilayer heterojunction, which is proposed by Heeger. A high interfacial area is achieved within a bu lk material by carefully controlling the morphology of the phase separation into an interpenetrating bicontinuous D-A network, which yields efficient photo induced charge separation, this obtained interfacial area is known as Bulk D-A heterojunction. Even though the bulk heterojunction is previously proposed by Hiramoto et al, [J. Appl. Phys. 72, 3781, 1992] but the fabrication of solar cells is far more difficult than that of Heeger approach. Heeger used composite film of poly (2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1, 4-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV) and soluble derivatives of buckminsterfullerene namely [6,6]PCBM and [5,6]PCBM to form a polymer blend. To overcome the limited solubility of C60, a series of soluble C60 derivatives are used, this concept of soluble C60 derivatives enabled to realize new device concept. The structure of bulk heterojunction consists of metal electrode contacts (Ca or Al) of different work function to optimise the efficiency of carrier collection of holes from donor phase and electrons from acceptor phase. Indium tin oxide (ITO) is used as anode and Ca or Al is used as anode which automatically extracts electrons and holes from the polymer blend. The performance of bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells depends on the phase separation in polymer blend devices; so much of the research is concentrated on the precise control of the phase separation. The film formation has to be very fast, in order to obtain fine structures i.e., Phase separation has to be arrested earlier, which results in smaller domains than exciton diffusion length. This can be achieved [Adv. Mater. 12, 498, 2000] by spin coating on a heated substrate, so that the solvent evaporates faster. The quantum efficiency (percentage of photos hitting the photo reactive surface that will produce electron-hole pair) of up to 2.9% is achieved by Heeger, which is further enhanced by using different low molecular weight materials [Adv. Mater. 12, 1270, 2000]. Quantum efficiency can be improved up to 10% by using different materials. Evolution A wide range of research is carried out based on bulk heterojunction approach, which resulted in efficient photovoltaic cells; however organic solar cells degrade when exposed to ultraviolet light, which effects the life time of the cells. Energy conversion efficiency is also low when compared to its inorganic counterparts. Fig 1 shows the efficiency achieved by different research groups in the last decade. 7.9% efficiency is achieved by Solarmer Company, which is certified by National renewable energy laboratory (NREL). Whereas Heeger achieved a quantum efficiency of 2.9%, this indicates a rapid development in this field over a decade. Solarmer produce photovoltaic commercial products using bulk heterojunction approach. Another company named Konarka which is founded by Heeger also manufactures plastic electronics and solar cells with bulk heterojunction. Konarka offer conventional products like sensors, portable battery charging for PDA, mobiles and other small devices, microelectronics, portable power, remote power, building integrated photovoltaic. Plextronics is another company developing and selling pre-formulated inks as well as the know-how to print them, which are extensively tested for outdoor lifetime. Device using these products have high lifetimes of the order of years. However the efficiency of polymer photovoltaic cells is low when compared to the silicon based photovoltaic devices. In order to compete with other available technologies, the efficiency of polymer photovoltaic cells should be increased to 15% with a lifetime of 15-20 years [Solar energy, 2009, 1224]. Heeger made a significant contribution to polymer solar cells field by proposing the bulk Heterojunction approach, which has many potential applications in renewable energy.

Hitler’s Rise To Power: An Inevitable Offshoot of the Great Depression in Germany

The Great Depression caused by the Stock Market's collapse in 1929 affected the American economy like no other economic crisis in its history (Samuelson, n. d. ). Being the most severe depression experienced by the industrialized Western world (Nelson, n. d. ), its effects rippled to other economies, especially to that of Germany. The German economy was notably vulnerable because it was built out of foreign capital and was dependent on foreign trade (Gavin, 1996). The Depression abruptly restructured German society and thus, led people to seek any solution to end the crisis. Hitler proved to be the solution that Germany was looking for. Although his views were unpopular among the public, he took advantage of the hopelessness which the people felt during the Depression. Moreover, other factors that were already present in the 1920s sped his rise to popularity. Some of these were: long term bitterness among the people brought about by the Treaty of Versailles and the First World War; ineffective constitution; money for Hitler's campaign and propaganda; the existence of propaganda and programmes; Stormtrooper attacks on other parties and on Hitler's detractors as well as his personal atributes. After 1929, two other influential factors aided Hitler and ensured his success politically: the Great Depression and Hitler's recruitment by Hindenburg (Clare, 2006). Hitler's rise to power was successful and yet avoidable. His success was largely due from external factors which he exploited using duress, brilliance and propaganda (Clare, 2006). Indeed, if the Depression had not happened; chances are, there would have been no Hitler. References Clare, John. (2006). How Was Hitler Able To Become Chancellor in January 1933?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Greenfield History Site.   Retrieved December 11, 2007 from    http://www.johndclare.net/Weimar7.htm Gavin, Philip. (1996). The Rise of Adolf Hitler: Great Depression Begins. History Place Site.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved December 11, 2007 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/begins.htm Nelson, Cary. (n. d.). About the Great Depression. Modern American Poetry Site. Retrieved   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   December 11, 2007 from http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/depression/about.htm Samuelson, Robert. (n. d.). Great Depression. The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics. Library of Economics and Liberty Site. Retrieved December 11, 2007 from   Ã‚  Ã‚   http://econlib.org/library/Enc/GreatDepression.html

Get the Scoop on Essay Topics on Evolution Before Youre Too Late

Get the Scoop on Essay Topics on Evolution Before You're Too Late Type of Essay Topics on Evolution An individual may have the psychological advantages of religion because it acts as a cohesive family. Then, he shows curiosity to secure more info about things happening in the court. Therefore it's immoral to have sexual relations with a girl who might become your daughter. Maybe I got the entire thing wrong, perhaps we can evolve too as a group. Among the most potent arguments for evolution is, naturally, DNA. The evolutionary theory is among the most frequently debated scientific theories. It isn't hard to argue for evolution. In my opinion, evolution has become the most probable theory considering what evidence was found. However, you may again turn to fossils for aid. It's predicated on the notion that better adapted organisms are somewhat more likely to reside on and produce offspring. Because of their random nature, if any 2 species share the very same ERV in the exact same location with the exact same inactivating mutations, they almost certainly share a frequent ancestor where the ERV initially occurred. Things You Won't Like About Essay Topics on Evolution and Things You Will Clearly, religion played a big part in the growth of American Literature. Like every argumentative essay it's essential that you understand your subject issue. If you're looking for a nice and intriguing subject, you've got to refer to the bit of advice on choosing the topic for your evolution essays. As you are discussing creation science, you're going to be held to a greater standard, and you need to be certain to represent Christ in excellence. It's known as the unifying area of biology, and schools teach it like a foundational tenant. To begin with, it's a scientific theory. Get familiar with the very best creation science offers, and don't use these doubtful arguments. Whenever your teacher does not provide you exemplification essay topics, you always have the option to attempt employing a number of the topics on the next list.1. The maturation of railroads in the united kingdom and US grew at a fast pace. In 1830 The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was operating, amongst being among the oldest railroads in the usa, it was among the very first commercial lines on the planet. LTL capacity is fast becoming severe, and complete truckload carriers have already begun to turn away freight. Keeping the great relationship with the customers is important to raise the capability to create value for the two parties. What to Expect From Essay Topics on Evolution? Topics may differ from year to year. Throughout time, our media improved in lots of ways. Just take a better look at this video. The Nuiances of Essay Topics on Evolution Up to now, a vast range of species concepts are proposed, and many are even associated with several differing definitions. By exploring the definition of the term theory, it's important to stress the concept a theory in science isn't the exact same as its quotidian meaning. A minumum of one sheet of paper needs to be utilized to create a plane. Instead, it's a test of how well you've learned and understood the fabric of the course as taught. The purpose of this program is to develop an appreciation for a selection of topics in signal transduction. It's a body of knowledge. Currently it's the only reasonable theory that explains how the organic world developed. The compound eyes of night creatures are very tough to develop, especially by themselves. The Essay Topics on Evolution Cover Up Moreover, it's a commonly established view on the maturation of life. Ahmad and Sein (1997) stated that in a quick lifespan undertaking, the culture can't be changed. In addition, it developed a superior awareness of responsibility in any respect levels within the organisation. Accordingly, in guiding an organisation's activities and boosting the customer's satisfaction, quality management take into account the customer focus policy like increase effectiveness in the usage of the organisation's resources. The great advantage of this strategy is it is parallelizable with very little work. All the needed characteristics have to be designed into the products or services at the start. Anyway, it can be put on the output of the entire organization by measuring the total superior operation of the organization (Besterfield, 1998).

List of Common Blood Chemistry Tests

Your blood contains many chemicals, not just red and white blood cells.  Blood chemistry tests are among the most common diagnostic tests performed to detect and diagnose illnesses. Blood chemistry indicates hydration levels, whether or not an infection is present, and how well organ systems are functioning.  Here is a list and explanation of several blood tests. Table of Common Blood Chemistry Tests Test Name Function Value Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Screens for renal disease, assesses glomerular function. Normal Range: 7-25 mg/dL Calcium (Ca) Assess parathyroid functioning and calcium metabolism. Normal Range: 8.5-10.8 mg/dL Chloride (Cl) Assess water and electrolyte balance. Normal Range: 96-109 mmol/L Cholesterol (Chol) High total Chol may indicate atherosclerosis related to coronary heart disease; indicates thyroid and liver function. Total Normal Range: Less than 200 mg/dLLow-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Normal Range: Less than 100 mg/dLHigh-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Normal Range: 60 mg/dL or greater Creatinine (Creat) High creatinine levels almost always are due to renal damage. Normal Range: 0.6-1.5 mg/dL Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) Fasting blood sugar is measured to assess glucose metabolism. Normal Range: 70-110 mg/dL 2-hour post-prandial blood sugar (2-hr PPBS) Used to assess glucose metabolism. Normal Range: Less than 140 mg/dL Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) Use to assess glucose metabolism. 30 min: 150-160 mg/dL1 hour: 160-170 mg/dL2 hour: 120 mg/dL3 hour: 70-110 mg/dL Potassium (K) Assess water and electrolyte balance. High potassium levels can cause cardiac arrhythmia, while low levels may cause cramps and muscle weakness. Normal Range: 3.5-5.3 mmol/L Sodium (Na) Used to assess salt balance and hydration levels. 135-147 mmol/L Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Measured to diagnose thyroid function disorders. Normal Range: 0.3-4.0 ug/L Urea Urea is a product of amino acid metabolism. It is measured to check kidney function. Normal Range: 3.5-8.8 mmol/l Other Routine Blood Tests Beside chemical tests, routine blood tests look at the cellular composition of blood. Common tests include: Complete Blood Count (CBC) The CBC is one of the most common blood tests. It is an assay of the ratio of red to white blood cells, types of white cells, and the number of platelets in blood. It can be used as an initial screening test for an infection and a general measure of health. Hematocrit A hematocrit  is a measure of how much of your blood volume consists of red blood cells. A high hematocrit level can indicate dehydration, while a. low hematocrit level may indicate anemia. An abnormal hematocrit may signal a blood disorder or bone marrow disease. Red Blood Cells Red blood cells carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. Abnormal red blood cell levels might be a sign of anemia, dehydration (too little fluid in the body), bleeding, or another disorder. White Blood Cells White blood cells fight infection, so a high white cell count may indicate infection, blood disease, or cancer. Platelets Platelets  are fragments that stick together to help  blood clot when a blood vessel is broken.  Abnormal platelet levels may signal a bleeding disorder (insufficient clotting) or a thrombotic disorder (too much clotting). Hemoglobin Hemoglobin is the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to cells. Abnormal hemoglobin levels might be a sign of anemia, sickle cell, or other blood disorders. Diabetes can raise levels of hemoglobin in blood. Mean Corpuscular Volume Mean corpuscular  (MCV) is a measure of the average size of your red blood cells. Abnormal MCV may indicate  anemia or thalassemia. Blood Test Alternatives There are disadvantages to blood tests, not the least of which is patient discomfort! Scientists are developing less invasive tests for key measurements. These tests include: Saliva Tests Since saliva contains about 20 percent of the proteins found in blood, it offers potential as a useful diagnostic fluid. Saliva samples are typically analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), mass spectrometry, and other analytical chemistry techniques. SIMBAS SIMBAS stands for Self-powered Integrated Microfluidic Blood Analysis System. It is a tiny lab on a computer chip that can yield blood test results within about 10 minutes. While SIMBAS still requires blood, only a 5  ÃŽ ¼L  droplet is required, which can be obtained from a finger prick (no needle). Microemulsion Like SIMBAS, microemulsion is blood test microchip that only requires a drop of blood in order to make an analysis. While robotic blood analysis machines can cost $10,000, a microchip only runs about $25. In addition to making blood tests easier for doctors, the ease and affordability of the chips make the tests accessible to the general public. References C. A. Burtis and E. R. Ashwood,  Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry  (1994) 2nd edition. Elsevier.